Wide Area Network and WAN Protocols

ATM: Asynchronous Transfer Mode

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:11:22 +0800

The Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) composes a protocol suite which establishes a mechanism to carry all traffic on a stream of fixed 53-byte packets (cells).

AAL: ATM Adaptation Layer

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:11:25 +0800

The ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL) relays ATM cells between ATM Layer and higher layer. When relaying information received from the higher layers, it segments the data into ATM cells.

AAL0 - AAL5: ATM Adaptation Layer Type 0-5 reserved for variable bit rate video transfer.

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:11:27 +0800

AAL0 - AAL5: ATM Adaptation Layer Type 0-5 reserved for variable bit rate video transfer.

LANE-NNI: LAN Emulation - Network to Network Interface

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:11:31 +0800

ATM LAN Emulation enables the implementation of emulated LANs over an ATM network. An emulated LAN provides communication of user data frames among all its users, similar to a physical LAN

LANE-UNI: LAN Emulation - User to Network Interface

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:11:34 +0800

The ATM LAN emulation specification defines how an ATM network can emulate a sufficient set of the medium access control (MAC) services of existing LAN technologies such as Ethernet and Token Ring, so that higher layer protocols can be used without modification.

MPOA: Multi Protocol Over ATM

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:11:36 +0800

The Multi Protocol Over ATM (MPOA) deals with the efficient transfer of inter-subnet unicast data in a LANE environment.

PNNI: Private Network-to-Network Interface

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:11:39 +0800

The ATM Private Network-Node Interface (PNNI), an ATM network-to-network signaling protocol, provides mechanisms to support scalable, QoS-based ATM routing and switch-to-switch switched virtual connection (SVC) interoperability.

Q.2931: ATM Signaling UNI

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:11:44 +0800

Signalling is the process by which ATM users and the network exchange the control of information, request the use of network resources, or negotiate for the use of circuit parameters.

SONET/SDH: Synchronous Optical Network and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:11:46 +0800

The Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) are a set of related standards for synchronous data transmission over fiber optic networks that are often used for framing and synchronization at the physical layer.

BISDN: Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:11:49 +0800

Broandband Integrated Services Digital Network (BISDN or Broadband ISDN) is designed to handle high-bandwidth applications.

DOCSIS: Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:11:51 +0800

Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification(DOCSIS), developed by CableLabs and approved by the ITU, defines interface requirements for cable modems involved in high-speed data distribution (both MPEG and IP data) over cable television system networks.

ISDN: Integrated Services Digital Network

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:11:53 +0800

ISDN is a system with digitized phone connections which has been pure analogue connection for a decade.

LAPD: ISDN Link Access Protocol Channel D (Q.921)

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:11:55 +0800

LAP -D is the Layer 2 protocol in the ISDN suite, almost identical to the X.25 LAP-B protocol. The three logical digital communication channels of ISDN perform the following functions:

Q.931: ISDN network layer interface protocol

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:12:00 +0800

Network Layer is specified by the ITU Q-series documents Q.930 through Q.939. Q.931, the layer 3 protocol, is used for the ISDN call establishment, maintenance, and termination of logical network connections between two devices.

xDSL: Digital Subscriber Line Technologies (DSL, IDSL, ADSL, HDSL, SDSL, VDSL, G.Lite)

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:12:05 +0800

DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) is a modem technology for broadband data access over ordinary copper telephone lines (POTS) from homes and businesses

Frame Relay: WAN protocol for internetworking at layer 2

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:12:07 +0800

Frame Relay is a WAN protocol for LAN internetworking which operates at the physical and data link layer to provide fast and efficient method of transmitting information from a user device to another across multiple switches and routers.

LAPF: Link Access Procedure/Protocol (ITU Q.922)

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:12:09 +0800

Link Access Procedure/Protocol (LAPF) as defined in the ITU Q.922, an enhanced LAPD (Q.921) with congestion control capabilities, is for Frame Mode Services in the Frame Relay network. The core functions of LAPF are:

BAP: PPP Bandwidth Allocation Protocol

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:12:11 +0800

The Bandwidth Allocation Protocol (BAP) can be used to manage the number of links in a multi-link bundle. BAP defines datagrams to coordinate adding and removing individual links in a multi-link bundle, as well as specifying which peer is responsible for various decisions regarding managing bandwidth during a multi-link connection.

BACP: PPP Bandwidth Allocation Control Protocol

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:12:13 +0800

After BACP reaches the opened state, either peer MAY request the another link be added to the bundle by sending a BAP Call- or Callback-Request packet.

BCP: PPP Bridging Control Protocol

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:12:16 +0800

The Bridging Control Protocol (BCP) is responsible for configuring the bridge protocol parameters on both ends of the point-to-point link.

CHAP: Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:12:18 +0800

Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) is used to periodically verify the identity of the peer using a 3-way handshake. This is done upon initial link establishment and may be repeated any time after the link has been established.

EAP: PPP Extensible Authentication Protocol

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:12:20 +0800

The PPP Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) is for PPP authentication. EAP supports multiple authentication mechanisms.

LCP: PPP Link Control Protocol

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:12:24 +0800

The Link Control Protocol (LCP) is used to automatically agree upon the encapsulation format options, handle varying limits on sizes of packets, detect a looped-back link and other common misconfiguration errors, and terminate the link.

MultiPPP: MultiLink PPP (MP

NetworkDictionary — Wed, 06 Dec 2006 14:04:06 +0800

MultiLink Point to Point Protocol (MultiPPP or MP) is a method for splitting, recombining and sequencing datagrams across multiple logical data links

PAP: Password Authentication Protocol

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:12:26 +0800

The Password Authentication Protocol (PAP), a Link Control Protocol in the PPP suite, provides a simple method for the peer to establish its identity using a 2-way handshake. This is done only upon initial link establishment.

PPP: Point to Point Protocol

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:12:29 +0800

The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) provides a standard method for transporting multi-protocol datagrams over point-to-point links.

PPPoA: PPP over ATM AAL5

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:12:31 +0800

PPP over ATM AAL5 (PPPoA) describes the use of ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5) for framing PPP encapsulated packets.

PPPoE: PPP over Ethernet

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:12:34 +0800

PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE) provides the ability to connect a network of hosts over a simple bridging access device to a remote Access Concentrator.

HDLC: High Level Data Link Control protocol

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:12:36 +0800

The High Level Data Link Control (HDLC) protocol, an ISO data link layer protocol based on the IBM SDLC, is to ensure that data passed up to the next layer has been received exactly as transmitted (i.e error free, without loss and in the correct order).

LAPB: Link Access Procedure Balanced for x.25

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:12:38 +0800

Link Access Procedure, Balanced (LAPB) is a data link layer protocol used to manage communication and packet framing between data terminal equipment (DTE) and the data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE) devices in the X.25 protocol stack.

X.25: ITU-T WAN communication protocol

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:12:43 +0800

X.25, an ITU-T protocol for WAN communications, is a packet switched data network protocol which defines the exchange of data as well as control information between a user device, called Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) and a network node, called Data Circuit Terminating Equipment (DCE).

SDLC: Synchronous Data Link Control protocol

NetworkDictionary — Tue, 30 Jan 2007 11:12:45 +0800

The Synchronous Data Link Control (SDLC) protocol, an IBM data link layer protocol for use in the Systems Network Architecture (SNA) environment.